Several facts about Judaism

In contrast to Christianity or Islam, Judaism has no official creed or universal doctrinal requirements for membership. In general, a person can be considered "Jewish" regardless of whether he adheres with a complete system of philosophy about God as well as the afterlife, holds only a few simple beliefs that give meaning to ritual, or even (at least in liberal Judaism) does not believe in God in the least.

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This diversity in Jewish belief arises to some extent because actions (good deeds along with the mitzvot), not beliefs, are the most important aspect of Jewish religious life. In addition, the term "Jewish" can be used to describe a race and a culture as opposed to a religion, so some who identify themselves as Jewish could possibly have little interest in the beliefs and practices belonging to the religion of Judaism.

Nevertheless, the Torah and Talmud have a great deal to say about God, humanity, along with the meaning of life, and Jewish history has seen significant theological and mystical inquiry into religious concepts. These beliefs are of great significance not only for Judaism itself, but also for their direct influence on Christianity and Islam, currently the two largest religions in the world.

The 13 Articles of Faith:

As noted above, Judaism has no creed and beliefs of individual Jews can vary widely. However, the great 12th-century rabbi Maimonides put together "13 Articles of Faith" that he believed every Jew ought to adhere to, and this is often referred to as a summary of core Jewish beliefs.

Jewish Beliefs Regarding God:

In Judaism, ultimate reality is a single, all-powerful God. It is this belief that made the Jews unique among other ancient Semitic peoples and that became the legacy Judaism has passed on to the entire Western world. God's name in Hebrew is YHWH, which simply - but significantly - means "I am."

Jewish Beliefs about the Messiah:

Many of the world's religions have hope in a future heroic figure who will rescue the righteous, judge the wicked, and restore peace to the world (Krishna in Hinduism, Maitreya in Buddhism and the Second Coming of Christ in Christianity). In Judaism, this figure is the Messiah.

Jewish Beliefs about Human Nature:

When Genesis 2:7 says "God formed man," it uses the Hebrew word vayyitzer ("formed"). The Talmud finds special meaning in the unique spelling of the word in this context, with two yods instead of one. The two yods, the rabbis explain, stand for the two impulses found in humans: the yetzer tov and the yetzer ra.

"Olam Ha-Ba": 

Jewish Beliefs about the Afterlife 

Jewish sacred texts and literature have little to say about what happens after death, which may seem surprising to non-Jews since the sacred texts of Christianity and Islam, both of which have their foundations in Judaism, elaborate rather fully about the afterlife.